Understanding Shoulder Bursitis and Physiotherapy Treatment Plans
Shoulder bursitis is a common condition that causes pain and discomfort in the shoulder due to inflammation of the bursa. The bursa is a small fluid-filled sac that acts as a cushion between bones, tendons, and muscles around the joint. When this sac becomes irritated or inflamed, it leads to shoulder bursitis, affecting daily activities and overall mobility.
This article explores the causes, symptoms, and physiotherapy treatments for shoulder bursitis to help you effectively manage and overcome this condition
What is Shoulder Bursitis?
The bursa in the shoulder reduces friction between moving parts, ensuring smooth joint function. Shoulder bursitis occurs when this bursa becomes inflamed, usually due to repetitive motion, injury, or underlying health conditions.
Types of Shoulder Bursitis
- Subacromial Bursitis: The most common type, occurring beneath the acromion bone.
- Infectious (Septic) Bursitis: Caused by bacterial infection.
- Chronic Bursitis: Recurring inflammation often associated with repetitive strain or systemic conditions like arthritis.
Causes of Shoulder Bursitis
- Overuse or Repetitive Motion: Activities like swimming, painting, or throwing.
- Injury: Direct trauma to the shoulder.
- Poor Posture: Can increase stress on the shoulder joint.
- Systemic Conditions: Rheumatoid arthritis, gout, or diabetes.
- Infections: Can lead to septic bursitis.
Symptoms of Shoulder Bursitis
- Pain: Especially when lifting the arm or lying on the affected side.
- Swelling: Visible inflammation around the joint.
- Reduced Range of Motion: Difficulty moving the shoulder fully.
- Tenderness: Pain when pressing on the shoulder.
- Weakness: Affected arm may feel weak during activity.
Diagnosis of Shoulder Bursitis
Physiotherapists and doctors use the following methods to diagnose shoulder bursitis:
- Physical Examination: Assessing pain points, swelling, and range of motion.
- Imaging Tests:
- Ultrasound or MRI: To visualize the inflamed bursa.
- X-rays: Rule out bone abnormalities.
Physiotherapy Treatment Plan for Shoulder Bursitis
Physiotherapy is an effective treatment for shoulder bursitis, focusing on reducing inflammation, restoring mobility, and preventing recurrence.
Goals of Physiotherapy
- Alleviate pain and inflammation.
- Strengthen shoulder muscles.
- Improve joint stability and flexibility.
- Prevent future injuries.
Treatment Plan
1. Acute Phase (Pain and Inflammation Reduction)
- Rest and Activity Modification: Avoid activities that aggravate symptoms.
- Cold Therapy: Apply ice packs to reduce swelling and pain.
- Electrotherapy: Techniques like ultrasound therapy or TENS to promote healing.
- Gentle Stretching: Passive stretches to maintain range of motion.
2. Strengthening Phase
- Isometric Exercises: Strengthen shoulder muscles without joint movement.
- Resistance Training: Using light weights or resistance bands for:
- External rotations.
- Shoulder abduction.
- Scapular retraction exercises.
- Scapular Stabilization: Target the muscles around the shoulder blade to support joint function.
3. Functional Rehabilitation Phase
- Proprioception Training: Enhance joint awareness and stability.
- Activity-Specific Exercises: Mimic movements required in sports or daily tasks.
- Postural Correction: Incorporate ergonomic adjustments and stretches to improve posture.
4. Prevention and Maintenance
- Continue with a home exercise program to maintain strength and flexibility.
- Educate on proper techniques for activities to avoid strain.
When to Seek Medical Attention
While physiotherapy is highly effective, you should seek medical attention if:
- Pain persists despite treatment.
- There are signs of infection (fever, redness, warmth).
- Movement is severely restricted.
Conclusion
Shoulder bursitis can be a debilitating condition, but with the right physiotherapy treatment plan, it is manageable. By addressing pain, improving strength, and enhancing mobility, physiotherapy helps patients return to their daily activities without discomfort.
If you’re in Riyadh and experiencing shoulder bursitis, our specialized physiotherapy team can design a tailored treatment plan for you. Contact us today to start your recovery journey!
